Análisis del índice de selección del programa de mejoramiento genético sostenible de bovinos de leche de la parroquia Toacaso, en el periodo 2023

Nowadays, in parish of Toacaso 72% of the population is dedicated to livestock and agriculture, which are the main sources of income for many families. However, due to the lack of a genetic improvement program in the country, there are no phenotypic and genotypic data, for this reason, the effectiveness and efficiency of production are low, as well as profitability. Therefore, this research work was carried out in the parish of Toacaso, where 11 producers were part of the genetic improvement program with 85 bovine animals. In this study, records of production costs, deworming, bituminization, and vaccinations were made; daily weight gain, milk production during lactation, and milk quality through density were determined; moreover, artificial inseminations were performed on cows and cows belonging to the project. The main results of this research show were: daily weight gain is 455 g/day, it is estimated that the next generation will gain 700 g/day, there is an average lactation of 3604.14 liters, the average density of milk in the parish ranges from 1.021 gr/ml to 1.026 gr/ml, and 11 artificial inseminations were performed. Finally, it was determined that livestock activity has a low profitability, the cost-benefit analysis of milk production in the parish yields a profit of 100 dollars per month, which is low for the sustenance of entire families. In other words, based on the data collected, it was possible to observe the strengths being the daily weight gain (GDP) and weaknesses being the density of milk that we have in the parish. Nevertheless, these characteristics can be improved through the selection index, for which 5 animals were selected as reproducers which will allow us to reach sustainability standards in the following generations.

• Autor principal: Maldonado Maldonado, Anderson Israel (author)
• Format: bachelorThesis
• Idioma: spa
• Publicat: 2024
• Matèries: MEJORAMIENTO; GENÉTICO; MEDICINA VETERINARIA
• Accés en línia: http://repositorio.utc.edu.ec/handle/27000/11841