Roducción de biochar a partir de residuos orgánicos del bagaje de la caña de maíz para mitigar la contaminación en las aguas con metales pesados a nivel de laboratorio.

In the national context, the problem of water contamination with mercury by the mining industry stands out as a primary concern; the lack of adequate wastewater treatment aggravates the situation. This concern prompted the creation of a research project focused on producing biochar in the laboratories of the Technical University of Cotopaxi, Salache campus. The main purpose of this initiative is to develop an effective and appropriate method to treat water contaminated with mercury through the implementation of biochar obtained from organic residues of corn stover. The organic materials needed for this study were acquired through purchases at the popular market in the province of Cotopaxi, Salcedo canton, where the well-known livestock fair is held. The choice of this material was based on its physical-chemical properties. The process of obtaining the organic material necessary for the production of biochar involved direct procurement from local farmers. To achieve a suitable material, a complete drying process was carried out, for a period of one year, as carried out by the farmers where they let it dry in the open air, exposed to direct sunlight. Once the drying process was completed, the material was converted into biomass for the recovery of mercury-contaminated water. The resulting biomass was subjected to a pyrolysis process at temperatures of 400°C and 500°C, with biomass exposure times of 30 and 120 minutes and a cooling period of 24 h. After pyrolysis, a detailed characterization of the resulting biochar was carried out. To evaluate the effectiveness of biochar in remediating mercury from water, an experiment that will modify factors such as weight, temperature and type of filtration treatment isrecommended. This experimental design was based on null and alternative hypothesis formulation,and 480 replicates in total were done. Using frequency tables, the interactions of the components were examined to determine if the treatment was effective. The results obtained indicate that biochar processing at 400°C resulted in 51.02 g, while at 500°C, 53.53 g of the total 256.34 g of the initial biomass was obtained. There was a directly proportional relationship between apparent and real density, pyrolysis temperature, porosity and pH showed an inversely proportional correlation. In the various treatments applied, the biochar produced at 500°C was the most effective, with 73% of positive values at one filtration, which places it significantly above the 400°C filtration method. The double filtration treatment using corncane biochar produced at 500°C for 30 minutes showed superior properties in terms of pH and porosity, resulting in better mercury absorption. This treatment will eliminate 80 ml of contaminated water per gram of biochar, complying with the allowable parameters for mercury established in MINISTERIAL AGREEMENT 097-A.

• מחבר ראשי: Caspi Morales, Jhonatan Segundo (author)
• פורמט: bachelorThesis
• שפה: spa
• יצא לאור: 2023
• נושאים: MÉTODO DE FILTRADO; BIOMASA; PIROLISIS; MERCURIO; INGENIERÍA AMBIENTAL
• גישה מקוונת: http://repositorio.utc.edu.ec/handle/27000/11449