“Estimación del índice de mérito total del programa de mejoramiento genético sostenible de bovinos de leche de la parroquia Mulliquindil Santa Ana”
The estimation of the genetic merit index in each production is important for the producer, with the purpose of obtaining data on the genealogy and genetic value of their animals; based on the proposal in the Mulliquindil Santa Ana parish with the active collaboration of 43 people who are dedicated...
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| 格式: | bachelorThesis |
| 语言: | spa |
| 出版: |
2023
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| 在线阅读: | http://repositorio.utc.edu.ec/handle/27000/10907 |
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添加标签 | 总结: | The estimation of the genetic merit index in each production is important for the producer, with the purpose of obtaining data on the genealogy and genetic value of their animals; based on the proposal in the Mulliquindil Santa Ana parish with the active collaboration of 43 people who are dedicated to the production and marketing of raw milk in the neighborhoods "Centro, Sur San Miguel, Los Pinos, Jesús del Gran Poder, and Norte" with a total population of 174 animals including 54 dairy cows. In the area of study, there are small and medium sized producers who manage their animals in a semi-stalled way, in a 5,000 m² area of land, where it supply 4 animals on average, so they need to buy food, based on this information the production costs were $0.37 to produce a liter of milk representing an average profit of $0.05 per liter with a benefit of $108 per month of economic income, without counting working hours, this information was obtained in this investigation emphasizing that the producers were not aware of their expenses and income, however, the producer who earns the most is $338, which does not reach the basic salary. A genealogical record of the study population was established in Excel (fathers, mothers, grandfathers, grandmothers, etc.) with the purpose of analyzing the relationship between the data collected and the genetics of the animals, thus estimating the genetic value by using the BLUP (Best Linear Unbiased Predictor) method, to estimate the genetic value of each animal. The heritability (h²) in terms of GDP was 0.30 with an average that varies between +246 gr and -246 gr. daily, therefore, to reach an adequate GDP, which is 700 gr, at least 3 generations must pass, through the reproduction of the best specimens. For milk production, the h² worked with 0.26, giving results of +743 kg and -246 kg over the average in 305 days of lactation h² for the calculated density was 0.32 giving a variation of 1.025 and +1.030 gr/ml representing a reliability of 48%. The response to the selection of GDP, 496 gr will be reached with the best animal, at least in 2 generations, in milk production with the best cow, it can be estimated at 2845 kg in 305 days of lactation, to reach this It will pass at least 4 generations and the density is estimated at 0.33 gr/ml with the best animal for it, it will be obtained in at least 2 generations, all this with a reliability of 62%. |
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