Caracterización morfológica de un banco de germoplasma de banano cv. Williams proveniente de mutagénesis física en la Estación Experimental Tropical Pichilingue.

A problem of great importance in our country is the excessive use of pesticides to control different pathogens that are precursors of diseases that have a significant impact on the production of the different farms dedicated to banana exploitation. Among the alternatives, the genetic improvement study is a viable option to find plants with desirable characteristics and resistant to diseases. The present investigation had as objective: To characterize agromorphologically the phenotypes of a germplasm bank of banana cv. Williams from physical mutagenesis using standardized descriptors, was carried out at the EET-Pichilingue of INIAP, located in the province of Los Ríos Km 5 via El Empalme. For the present work, the standardized descriptors for the IPGRI-INIBAP / CIRAD banana were used, where specifically, only the descriptors focused on characterizing the general appearance of the plant, pseudostem / child and petiole / rib / leaf were used. In the present investigation, 1,079 plants could be fully characterized, in addition 23 more plants were partially characterized. Among the characters where the plants showed greater variability were: foliar habit, dwarfism, height of the pseudostem, length of the blade, width of the blade and number of children. The color character of the spots at the base of the petiole showed a plant corresponding to tag number 1,037 where its spots had a blackish brown color while all the others showed a brown coloration in their spots. The color character of the pseudostem showed a variability in 37 plants developing a reddish green coloration, while in the remaining 1,042 plants a yellowish green coloration predominated. The parameters of the frequency distribution and the percentage of the "leaf habit" character, it is rescued that 849 banana specimens responded with a normal foliar formation, this represents 77%, which increases the purpose of having a greater number of specimens. The use of only the highly discriminating descriptors found in this study helped to reduce the amount of little relevant data, thus improving their interpretation. Keywords: Mutagenesis, germplasm, descriptors, morphological, plants

• Autor principal: Zambrano Saltos, Carlos Fabricio (author)
• Format: bachelorThesis
• Idioma: spa
• Publicat: 2020
• Matèries: Mutagénesis, germoplasma, descriptores; Morfológico, plantas
• Accés en línia: http://repositorio.uteq.edu.ec/handle/43000/6089