“Efecto de varias alternativas de abonamiento mineral bajo condiciones de riego para optimizar el rendimiento del cultivo de soya (Glycine max L.)”.
The low competitiveness of soybean production in Ecuador is explained by several causes, including the low productivity of the crop. The water, the temperature, along with solar radiation, are the main agrometeorological variables that regulate the metabolic processes of plants. The implementation o...
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| Format: | bachelorThesis |
| Langue: | spa |
| Publié: |
2020
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| Accès en ligne: | http://repositorio.uteq.edu.ec/handle/43000/6048 |
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Ajouter un tag | Résumé: | The low competitiveness of soybean production in Ecuador is explained by several causes, including the low productivity of the crop. The water, the temperature, along with solar radiation, are the main agrometeorological variables that regulate the metabolic processes of plants. The implementation of adequate fertilizer practices with complementary irrigation can be beneficial to increase soybean yields. The present research aimed to evaluate the behavior of the soybean crop compared to different mineral fertilization alternatives with complementary irrigation in order to observe which ones cause the greatest effect on the agronomic behavior and natural nodulation of the soybean crop during the mid-dry period. The study was carried out on alluvial soils of the “Lolita” farm, located in the Loma de Coco area of the Quinsaloma canton near the “Calabí” river. The fertilization factor based on edaphic fertilization with N, P and K, plus the application of foliar fertilizer under irrigation conditions was studied. The results obtained showed that the edaphic fertilizers applied significantly influenced the average number of nodules at 21 days after sowing, being the fertilization with N and P the one that registered the highest average with 13.83 nodules. The applied fertilization alternatives had a significant effect on the weight of nodules, where a higher average was obtained with NPK fertilization with a weight of 3.75g in 10 registered plants. The addition of irrigation plus the edaphic fertilizers applied (without much attribution of the foliar fertilizer) influenced some agronomic characteristics of the soybean crop, both in plant height, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod and weight of 100 seeds. With NPK fertilization, higher plant height was obtained with averages of 78.50 cm, and a greater number of pods per plant with 52.15 pods, which caused a yield of 2386.72 kg / ha, superior to the other treatments applied. Fertilization with NPK plus foliar fertilization registered the highest number of grains per pod with 2.95 grains (higher percentage of pods with 3 grains), the same that triggered a greater weight of 100 seeds with 19.50 g, without influence of the foliar fertilizer on the yield, obtaining as a result an average of 2359.38 kg / ha. In addition, the profitability of the crop was higher with the control of the producer and the fertilization with NPK registering values of 45.29% and 36.40% respectively. Keywords: Soy, edaphic fertilization, foliar fertilization, nodulation. |
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