Capacidad de infección de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense raza 1 en el cultivar de banano Gros Michel (Musa AAA).
Banana cultivation represents the most important agricultural item in Ecuador. Until 1960, the predominant export variety was Gros Michel, but this was affected by the pathogen “Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 1 ”(FOCR1), being replaced by resistant varieties from the“ Cavendish ”subgroup, ho...
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| Format: | bachelorThesis |
| Sprog: | spa |
| Udgivet: |
2020
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| Fag: | |
| Online adgang: | http://repositorio.uteq.edu.ec/handle/43000/6011 |
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Tilføj Tag | Summary: | Banana cultivation represents the most important agricultural item in Ecuador. Until 1960, the predominant export variety was Gros Michel, but this was affected by the pathogen “Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 1 ”(FOCR1), being replaced by resistant varieties from the“ Cavendish ”subgroup, however, these varieties are susceptible to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 (FOCR4T). These FOC pathogens are characterized by beginning their infection in the roots, then obstructs the xylem, causing dehydration and death of the plant. This research was carried out at the National Institute for Agricultural Research Pichilingue (INIAP), located in the Quevedo canton, Los Ríos province, and consisted of two phases. The first phase was carried out in a greenhouse where Gros Michel seedlings were inoculated with FOCR1 in different parts of the plant and surrounding soil (wounds both in roots, corm, pseudostem, petiole, directly to the ground and petiole). A Completely Random Design (DCA) with 7 treatments and 10 repetitions was used. The evaluated parameters were; damage level (severity), incidence, incubation period, number of leaves and plant height. Statistical tests were performed using the analysis of variance (ADEVA) and a 5% Tukey multiple comparison analysis. The results showed that the most effective treatment was inoculated through a wound in the pseudostem, presenting a severity of 1.8, incidence 100% and an incubation period of 42 days. In height and number of leaves, no differences were observed compared to the controls, with averages ranging from 10.4 to 5.13 cm in height and 3 to 1.8 leaves respectively. The second phase of the research was carried out in a plantation established with the Gros Michel variety in an area of 10,400 m², one lot was used to apply the OIRSA protocol for the containment of Fusarium, and another lot was used as a control. A comparison of both batches was made, and the efficacy of the OIRSA protocol for FOCR1 was verified, by not registering the appearance of plants with symptoms of the disease during the evaluation period. Keywords: Evolution, severity, containment, Panama disease. |
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