Fitorremediación de suelos contaminados por metales pesados debido al cultivo de maíz (Zea mays) en la zona norte de la provincia de Los Ríos
The use of pesticides is used by most farmers for their crops; inadequate pesticide management is the cause of soil degradation, deterioration of microfauna, concentration of heavy metals, and health problems for people. In the northern part of the province of Los Ríos, in the cantons of Quevedo, Qu...
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| Format: | bachelorThesis |
| Langue: | spa |
| Publié: |
2020
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| Accès en ligne: | http://repositorio.uteq.edu.ec/handle/43000/6164 |
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Ajouter un tag | Résumé: | The use of pesticides is used by most farmers for their crops; inadequate pesticide management is the cause of soil degradation, deterioration of microfauna, concentration of heavy metals, and health problems for people. In the northern part of the province of Los Ríos, in the cantons of Quevedo, Quinsaloma, Mocache, Ventanas and Puebloviejo, the use of pesticides is high, in context, there is almost no environmental training for farmers in the proper handling of agrochemicals, even more so in the application of environmental technologies, such as phytoremediation. The general objective of this study was to propose the phytoremediation of agricultural soils contaminated by heavy metals due to the cultivation of corn (Zea mays) in the northern part of the province of Los Ríos. A total of 260 farmers were surveyed by means of a questionnaire divided into three sections: socioeconomic information, pesticide management (herbicides, fertilizers, fungicides and insecticides) and possession of phytoremediating ornamental plants; visiting the different study cantons and directly evaluating the reality of each farmer in the use of pesticides for corn cultivation. The results showed in the use of agrochemicals at the provincial level that, in herbicides, glyphosate represents 21% being this mostly applied, urea fertilizer is used by all farmers in the cultivation of corn; without exception fungicides with 37% bravo of use, and insecticides 44% radiant; In addition, the results reveal that the use of agrochemicals gives high concentrations of different heavy metals to the soil, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, arsenic; however, in order to provide a solution to this problem, plants with phytoremediation objectives were found in the study area. These results, besides showing that there is an inadequate management in the use of pesticides, determine the feasibility of using phytoremediation due to the presence of ornamental phytoremediation plants, and the predisposition of farmers to implement this technique that helps to mend this environmental problem |
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