Evaluación de dos insecticidas naturales y un químico en el control de insectos - plagas en el rendimiento del cultivo de frejol (phaseolus vulgaris l.) en la zona de Buena Fe.

Because of the increasing demand for food produced without the use of chemicals the need to study different aspects of organic production systems arises. This research has this scenario as a background. The main objective was to determine the effect of two natural insecticides (pepper extract and tobacco extract) and a synthetic insecticide (Lorsban) on reducing the incidence of white fly (Bemisia tabacci) and leafhoppers (Empoasca kraemeri) in the bean crop (Phaseolus vulgaris), variety EVG 6. The field phase took place on a farm near the canton Buena Fe, Los Rios province, from September 7 (planting) until November 15/2014 (harvest). The treatments consisted of the application of several frequencies (2, 3, and 4 sprayings) of the natural insecticides, while Lorsban was sprayed only once. A treatment with no insecticide was included as absolute control. Eight treatments were set up in the field according to a randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement. To compare treatments ‘performance the following variables were measured: plant height (cm), number of insects per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, weight of 100 seeds (g) and yield (kg / plot). An economic analysis took place by applying the partial budget and marginal analysis approach. Bean yield per plot transformed into yield per hectare for economic analysis was cut by 20% to compensate for the overestimation associated with this type of transformation. Treatments involving the use of insecticides lowered the level of incidence of white fly when compared to absolute control. Lowest plant height in the absolute control suggests that crop vegetative stage is as vulnerable to the effect of sucking insects, as is the reproductive stage. The variables related to the productive components as well as the bean yield reached the lowest values in the absolute control. The highest means for these variables belong to Lorsban and pepper extract sprayings, both statistically equal but higher than the tobacco extract treatment. Overall differences among spraying frequencies were absent. Economic analysis revealed that spraying Lorsban to lower sucking insects incidence produced the highest return for every dollar invested, followed by treatment based on the extract of pepper applied twice. The difference between both rates of return is modes

• מחבר ראשי: Mora Velasquez, Bladimir Juvencio (author)
• פורמט: bachelorThesis
• שפה: spa
• יצא לאור: 2015
• נושאים: Evaluación; insecticidas naturales; químico de control de insectos; plagas; rendimiento cultivo de frejol
• גישה מקוונת: http://repositorio.uteq.edu.ec/handle/43000/2022