Efecto biofungicida del gel aloe vera y extracto de moringa sobre la pudrición de corona en la fruta de banano

The cultivation of banana is the fruit of greater importance in the whole world with an annual production of 145 million tonnes in the year 2013 consumed locally 85% in Africa, Asia and Latin America and exported mainly by Latin America, Africa and the Philippines a 15%. Ecuador is one of the major producers and the first exporters, this crop is located in the coastal area of the provinces of El Oro, Guayas and Rivers, in those that bring together a number of producers in these localities, in the months of January to November of 2009 grew exports to 246,880.322 boxes of bananas, quantities that exceeded in the years 2007 and 2008. This crop is subject to many pests and diseases such as the Black Sigatoka, caused by the fungus Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet, in that its management depends on fungicides protectantes and systemic. The burrowing nematode Radopholus similis becomes the second plague, is one of the main limiting factors in the production of bananas, causing damage in the roots which gives rise to serious economic losses and a decrease in production. Among other illnesses is the decay of the crown, a disease of postharvest utmost importance that generates economic loss caused by a complex of fungi and causes problems in the export between 25 and 30 per cent of fruit, the infections occur in the crop, but symptoms appear after the transport to the baler, the disease of the rotting of the Crown, is caused by a complex of fungi that infect in the crown of the fingers of the fruits through fresh wounds created by the knife or curved cutting the crown of the fruit in the shape of a half moon. Within the general objective which was raised in the investigation was to evaluate the effect biofungicide of botanical extracts of aloe vera and moringa in the control of the rot Crown in the fruit of bananas and as a specific objective, determining the lowest severity of the disease to the implementation of the different treatments.For the control of the rotting of the Crown, in our research was conducted applications based on plant extracts such as aloe vera and Moringa oleífera, leaving sterilize some samples and other non-sterile and using a chemical Imazabil and thiabendazole, being its treatments T1 (Aloe vera sterilized), T2(Moringa without sterilize), T3 (Moringa sterilized), T4 (Moringa without sterilize), T5 (Mertect Fungaflor) and T6 (absolute control), By measuring the degree of severity in the scale according to the table of Frossard . And according to the results, which obtained a lesser degree of severity, inhibit the development of the disease was the treatment 2 (Aloe vera without sterilize) with dose of (50 cc), obtained an average less than the above scale along with the treatment 5 composed of (Mertect Fugaflor). Aloe vera L. provides a new biological alternative to the use of chemical fungicides to control the decay of the crown of the fruit of bananas in post-harvest.

• প্রধান লেখক: Torres Yanes, Holger Alcivar (author)
• বিন্যাস: bachelorThesis
• প্রকাশিত: 2017
• বিষয়গুলি: BANANO; PUDRICIÓN; EXTRACTOS; MORINGA
• অনলাইন ব্যবহার করুন: http://repositorio.utmachala.edu.ec/handle/48000/11710