Efecto biofungicida de aceites esenciales en el control de la sigatoka negra mycosphaerella fijiensis en el cultivo de banano

Black Sigatoka caused by the fungus Mycosphaerella fijiensis is considered one of the most destructive and devastating banana crop diseases worldwide. This disease mainly attacks the leaves, causing rapid deterioration of leaf area when it is not combat, also affects growth and productivity of plants by decreasing the ability of photosynthesis. Given that excessive use of chemicals for the control of Black Sigatoka in banana plantations, it has caused a fungicide resistance, because the indiscriminate use of these substances affect the human environment, the environment and generating significant economic losses in agricultural sector. Therefore, there is a need to provide further alternative for controlling the essential oils SN a source of natural and favorable environmental compounds. This research was conducted at the experimental farm "Santa Ines" of the Academic Unit of Agricultural Sciences, Technical University of Machala, for which meristem plantlets banana Musa AAA, Cavendish variety Williams were used. These seedlings were cultivated in field under a planting system of three bobbins at a distance of 1.30 m between rows and 1m between rows, the number of plants used for the experiment was 36 after being transplanted into field 3 months old proceeded to track evaluation for 9 weeks. The main objective is to evaluate the biofungicida effect of the essential oils for the control of Black Sigatoka (Mycosphaerella fijiensis) in the cultivation of banana (Musa AAA). Furthermore, it developed in the area of influence and it was to determine through field monitoring the behavior of the climatic conditions, the behavior of the disease, and the establishment of frequencies application of fungicides used in the control of this disease. Develop a program according to weather conditions, crop growth stages and aggressiveness of the disease, which will allow management areas. For application of the product was applied only at the beginning on the leaf 1 and 2. From the go 28 days after application weekly data were taken every 7 days, taking as variables fungal growth and ABCPE, a design was used in block completely randomized with 6 treatments and 6 replicates as: T1 tea Tree (Melaleuca alternifolia), T2 lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus)), Cinnamon T3 (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), T4 Citronella (Cymbopogon nardus), T5 Mancozeb and T6 (Control) whose concentration is T1 (4ml), T2 (4ml), T3 (2.8ml), T4 (ml), T5 (25. g), and T6 (Control). According to the results the biofungicide citronella oil (T4) and the fungicide Mancozeb showed the best treatments for control of the SN on the leaf 1 and 2, for statistical analysis parametric ANOVA was used and Tukey 95%, showing that the T4 and T5 is the best control over SN, and are statistically equal.

• 1. Verfasser: Ramón Mendoza, Andrés Fernando (author)
• Format: bachelorThesis
• Veröffentlicht: 2017
• Schlagworte: ACEITES; HONGO; BANANO; BIOFUNGICIDA
• Online Zugang: http://repositorio.utmachala.edu.ec/handle/48000/11702