Determinación del intervalo hidrico optimo iho en un suelo inceptisol bananero bajo sistemas de riego presurizados

The obtaining of the range of water optimo in soils banana workers is of great importance to determine the fraction of water that is readily usable by the crop that is limited by the density criticizes (δsc), leading to the degradation of soils generated by the excess of water that remains in the surface layer of the soil. The present work has as objective the determination of the range of water optimo in a soil of order inceptisol banana, under irrigation system pressurized, using the membranes of porcelain and the pots Richards, and objectives were: to determine the variation of the range of water optimal (IHO) in an Inceptisol, in relation to the increase of the density of the soil (Da).Set the soil density critical (δsc) by various degrees of soil compaction 1.1 - 1.2 - 1.3 - 1.4 -1.5 gr.cm-3. Prepared 20 cylinders of galvanized iron, 5.7 cm in diameter and 5 cm high, to take samples of 1 kilogram of 0- 30cm of the soil profile, and those without disturbing on selected farms with and without vegetation and irrigation systems sub leaf and Suprafoliar, samples to 5 degrees is compactaron obtaining : 1,1, 1,2, 1,3, 1,4 and 1,5 g cm3, to complement the investigation were submitted the samples at different voltages, determining moisture content in the soil that were saturated exposed to different pressures with the membranes Richards and pots of pressure of pressure is determined the constants hidrofisicas: field capacity (CC), Point of wilting Permanent (PMP), At voltages -33 Kpa, -1500 Kpa respectively, with a penetrometer of pocket is determined by the mechanical resistance to penetration (RMP) for each sample subject wings compacts before and after subjecting them to saturation. The IHO was determined with the difference between the field capacity (CC) and point of wilting Permanent (PMP), in addition to the percentage of aereacion, and the mechanical resistance to penetration (RMP). The density criticizes(δsc) for the ground inceptisol were able to determine was 1.5g cm-3 due to the conditions in the estate without coverage and with type of irrigation suprafoliar, textural class was Franco sandy soil, for soils franco clay with vegetable cover and irrigation suprafoliar the interval hidirico Optimo was more comprehensive by the vegetation cover and the porcetajes of organic that resulted, the apparent density more common in the soil is 1.25g cm-3 however the limit critic of absorption of water shall be limited by the density criticizes that resulted. Finally it should be noted, soil inceptisol with irrigation Subfoliar and vegetal cover gender less resistance to the penetration, as well as the content and the range of water Optimo was greater in turn the density criticizes (δsc) this above the curves of CC and RMP are not intercepted on the grounds that the water available for cultivation in plants was greater. The ground inceptisol presented an IHO of greater amplitude in the soil with vegetation and with type of irrigation Subfoliar, this determines that the development of the banana plant submit favorable conditions for their production.

• Κύριος συγγραφέας: Molina Ramirez, Joseph Andre (author)
• Μορφή: bachelorThesis
• Έκδοση: 2017
• Θέματα: HÍDRICO; INTERVALO; VEGETAL; COBERTURA
• Διαθέσιμο Online: http://repositorio.utmachala.edu.ec/handle/48000/11699