Determinación de prevalencia de tuberculosis bovina a nivel de hatos ganaderos en la parte baja de la provincia del Oro

Bovine tuberculosis is a bacterial zoonosis, the etiological agent of which is Mycobacterium bovis, which is part of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. It affects cattle as the main host, although it has also been found as a reservoir in domestic animals, wild animals and even in man. It constitutes a serious problem in public and veterinary health. Because it is a disease of chronic evolution, it is difficult to diagnose clinically, being necessary to use complementary diagnostic tools. The present study aimed to estimate the presence of bovine tuberculosis in the lower part of El Oro province, using the PPD-bovis tuberculin test, strain "AN5". Sampling was carried out between June and August 2017, with a sample population of 269 cattle over 2 years of age from 9 farms. The research is a cross-sectional, observational and descriptive study. In the first place the study area was identified, dividing the province in low and high part, the lower part of the province constituted by the Guabo, Machala, Santa Rosa, Arenillas and Las Lajas, the variables analyzed in the investigation were the presence of the disease, sex, age, origin and race of the animals. The delayed hypersensitivity test was used with the tuberculinization method in the anus-caudal fold; The interpretation of the results was based on the observation and measurement of the thickness of the fold, making two measurements, the first measurement on the day of application and the second measurement 72 hours later (reading day); Animals with a swelling of> 5 mm, measured with a caliper or king's foot, were considered positive; To animals whose swelling measures were between 3 and 5 mm were considered suspects; And negative animals with a measurement <3 mm. The results obtained in this investigation revealed that of 269 cattle sampled, 0% of positive animals were obtained to bovine Tuberculosis, that is to say that 100% of the total of the population sampled are negative to the disease, they did not present any reaction to the Tuberculin during the reading period required by the technique, or apparent clinical signs of disease during examination. Of the 269 cattle studied, 64.3% corresponded to the cross breeds Mestizo, Brown Swiss with 19.7%, Holstein with 8.9%, and Brahman with 7.1%, representing the Mestiza breed with the largest population sampled. Likewise, of the total number of animals sampled, 60.6% corresponded to animals with ages ranging from 2 to 5 years, followed by animals aged 6 to 9 years with 28.3% and animals of 10 years represented 11.2%. This study showed that the prevalence of Bovine Tuberculosis at the level of cattle herds in the lower part of the Province of El Oro is 0%, since it is the first investigation of this type carried out in the Province of El Oro. Comparative incidences of the disease, however, investigations close to the Province carried out in the last years have shown a relatively low prevalence of the disease. In consideration of the importance of Bovine Tuberculosis, it is recommended to carry out new research in the diagnosis of the disease in the upper part of the Province of El Oro and the determination of risk factors to estimate the real presence of the disease at the level of the Province and region.

• Κύριος συγγραφέας: Ramos Morales, Nairoby Elizabeth (author)
• Μορφή: bachelorThesis
• Έκδοση: 2017
• Θέματα: TUBERCULINA; BOVINO; SALUD; PRUEBA
• Διαθέσιμο Online: http://repositorio.utmachala.edu.ec/handle/48000/11718