Efectos toxicológicos del barbasco contra la cochinilla dismicoccus brevipes cockerell en pruebas de campo en una bananera orgánica

During the season of August to November of the 2003, an investigation was carried out to develop several formulations of insecticides with extracts of plants and other compounds allowed by the legislation of the organic agriculture and accepted by the German certifying BSC, for the control in the field of the cochineal of the banana tree Dismicoccus brevipes C. The outlined objectives were: 1. to elaborate formulations of botanical insecticide with the help of the fruits of Barbasco in mixture with other ingredients and molle extracts Schinus molle for the cochineal control; 2. to evaluate the toxicity and phytotoxicity of the formulations against Dismicoccus brevipes in the fruit, by means of bio tests and field tests and 3. to find the insecticide formulation and the most efficient dose to control dense populations of cochineal in a plantation of organic banana tree. The barbasco extracts to 30%. served as payee for the solution of other used ingredients, with the purpose of forming a mixture the sufficiently stable thing in the time and that it lacked of phyto toxic effects on the fruit. They were used around thirteen substances, included extracts molle methanol, proving in different quantities or volumetric percentages to obtain formulations with which were carried out phytotoxicity tests on young fruit of the hands pruned after the deschive of the clusters. In laboratory the treatments were applied in three dose, to the 2, 4 and 5% and in the field rehearsal the highest dose was used; in this case the experimental unit consisted on the cultivation area understood serial arches between two along the funicular of the lot 10 A, with an approximate surface of 500 m2. After carrying out the application of the treatments, five plants were marked with more infestation to check, the number of alive nymphs before and after 168 hours or one week. The toxicity tests demonstrated that the formulation of the treatment F1, was completely innocuous in the highest dose, therefore, this can be used in preventive aspersions in clusters of up to three weeks, to control early infestations of cochineal. The other barbasco formulations, cause light damages that are classified in the scale 1, consistent in fine points of dark brown color on the epidermis of the tender fruits and the formulation F6 was the most phytotoxic corresponding to the scale 4.

• Main Author: Arias Jaramillo, Luz María (author)
• Other Authors: Reyes Mejía, Fulvio (author)
• Format: bachelorThesis
• Language: spa
• Published: 2005
• Subjects: BARBASCO; EFECTOS TOXICOLÓGICOS; COCHINILLA; BANANERA ORGÁNICA
• Online Access: http://repositorio.utmachala.edu.ec/handle/48000/92