Efecto de la aplicación de un fertilizante foliar de lenta liberación aplicado en una plantilla de banano musa spp

The present work was carried out in the Santa Inés experimental farm of the Agricultural Sciences Academic Unit of the Technical University of Machala located at km 5½ of the Machala - Pasaje route, El Cambio parish, Machala canton, El Oro province. carried out in a template of banana of the Williams variety with 10 weeks of age and five functional leaves, the fertilization in the soils dedicated to banana production have an influence on the quality of the crop because it plays an important role in the development and production, in the In the months of January to July, fruit exports were 144 365,031 tons (boxes of 18.14 kilograms). One of the problems that occurs in banana cultivation is the deficiency of nitrogen is visualized in the leaf area, generating a decrease in the formation of chlorophyll that affects photosynthesis, in turn, amino acids are precursors of protein chains and therefore, enzymatic activities are also difficult, as well as nitrogen being a component of cell walls. Nitrogen is a major macronutrient demanded by the banana plant whose main function is the growth and development of the plant. Nitrogen intervenes in explicit processes such as lengthening of plant cells and cell division, however it assumes an important role in the process of photosynthesis for the formation of the chlorophyll molecule. In the soil we can apply nitrogen in different commercial forms of edaphic fertilizers as elements are KNO3, Ca (NO3) 2 and NH4NO3. The loss of nitrogen in the soil can be by runoff, denitrification and volatilization, in a negative way it causes damage to the environment. The edaphic and foliar fertilization is a practice that is focused on supplying nutrients lacking in the soil as the macro elements that require them in greater quantity, in comparison with the micronutrients that are required in less quantity but are indispensable for the development of the processes vitals of the plant. In the application of foliar fertilizers the use of sources of slow or controlled release can be an efficient option, because it can provide nutrients on a regular and continuous basis, according to the demand of the plants for their development in addition to reducing losses Nitrogen by leaching. In view of this precedent, the following objective has been proposed: Evaluate the effect of application of controlled release foliar fertilizer on a banana template, using the Minolta spad-502 plus chlorophyll meter. Four treatments and three repetitions including the control were used for the investigation. The dependent variables studied were the chlorophyll content measured in Spad units from 3 to 21 days, the doses evaluated were T1 (Coron 1.0 l ha-1), T2 (Coron 0.75l ha-1), T3 (Coron 0.5 l ha-1) and control (Urea 46%), 15 plants were labeled that are uniform in size, vigor and degree of leaf development (candela), in which they were randomly distributed identifying them with ribbons of different colors. When the plants reached the average height of one meter, the foliar fertilizer of controlled release was applied Coron in the beam of sheet 1. For the atomization was performed only once with a CP3 pump of 20 liters capacity. The control was fertilized each plant with 33.3 grams (g) in half moon on the surface of the soil, the data were taken every 7 days during 21 days of evaluation and 30 minutes after sunrise was awaited to avoid erroneous data (6: 30 am) with the Minolta spad-502 plus chlorophyll meter was read in the middle of the middle third of the current third sheet of the template. For the statistical tests, a one-way ANOVA and completely randomized block design (DBCA) were performed. According to the best results in relation to the chlorophyll content of banana were obtained in treatment 1 with 61.52 spad unit and treatment 2 with 60.37 spad unit which did not show statistical difference between them but with treatment 3 that reached 44.43 unit spad and fertilizer soil control only reached 55.42 unit spad that has a lower content of chlorophyll unlike the other treatments.

• Hovedforfatter: Balarezo Del Rosario, Roger Alexis (author)
• Format: bachelorThesis
• Udgivet: 2018
• Fag: NITRÓGENO; CLOROFILA; MEDIDOR; SPAD
• Online adgang: http://repositorio.utmachala.edu.ec/handle/48000/12426