Design and optimization of a methodology to obtain cellulose and crystalline nonocellulose from oil palm empty fruit bunch
In Ecuador, Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch is an agricultural waste that is not harnessed. To add value to these wastes, the extraction of Cellulose and Crystalline Nanocellulose is proposed from them. The main objective of this work was to establish a methodology of acid hydrolysis for the obtention of...
-д хадгалсан:
| Үндсэн зохиолч: | |
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| Формат: | bachelorThesis |
| Хэл сонгох: | eng |
| Хэвлэсэн: |
2022
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| Нөхцлүүд: | |
| Онлайн хандалт: | http://repositorio.yachaytech.edu.ec/handle/123456789/474 |
| Шошгууд: |
Шошго нэмэх
Шошго байхгүй, Энэхүү баримтыг шошголох эхний хүн болох!
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Шошго нэмэх | Тойм: | In Ecuador, Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch is an agricultural waste that is not harnessed. To add value to these wastes, the extraction of Cellulose and Crystalline Nanocellulose is proposed from them. The main objective of this work was to establish a methodology of acid hydrolysis for the obtention of CNCs. In order to evaluate the efficiency of phosphoric acid hydrolysis were carried out 13 experiments that study the influence of reaction conditions such as temperature, acid concentration, ratio between cellulose and acid and reaction time. For the characterization of modified OPEFB cellulose this work focus on Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, (ATR-FTIR), X-Ray Powder Diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), that provides information about chemical structure, and morphology from samples. After this techniques, was possible ensure that cellulose and CNC obtained do not have signals of lignin or hemicellulose content. The best reaction conditions to produce CNC with high crystallinity are 70% phosphoric acid concentration in a ratio 1:100 g/mL at room temperature for long periods of time. This conditions ensure a yield production from 42.7% to 80.74% in dependence of hydrolysis time. The %crystallinity for OPEFB crystalline nanocellulose has in range [75.1% - 85.4%]. To propose an accurate application Tensile Test were performed on chitosan - modified OPEFB cellulose films to evaluate the mechanical behavior at films with 2% wt. cellulose content. The films that were evaluated present a better Young's modulus this means the modified OPEFB cellulose improve the mechanicals properties of chitosan films so, well works like green filler. |
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