Characterization of haloclasty to reduce the deterioration of buildings in Urcuquí and near villages, Ecuador

This research focuses on identifying the extent of damage caused by the crystallization of salt minerals in civil engineering in Urcuquí and nearby villages. This study examines the formation of salts and crystals in building materials that occur upon contact with water. The report details physical characteristics such as color, texture, degree of deterioration, and the environment where the crystals grow, whether natural or anthropogenic. Fieldwork was crucial in this research as it involved collecting samples and assessing the level of deterioration at each location. The growth of crystals is the leading cause of damage to walls, making it necessary to take samples to identify the most frequent types of damage, such as efflorescence or sub-efflorescence. Specific cracks are often observed at the base of walls, which can weaken the overall structure and potentially lead to collapse in the future. As the crystallization process starts, crystals form within the pores of building materials, causing them to expand and potentially damage the blocks and paint on the walls. X-Ray Diffraction analytical technique (XRD) analyzes, identifies, and presents the mineral phases. The Match program provides important mineral details, including their name, group classification, chemical formula, entry code, and unique characteristics. Based on the analysis, sulfates as the thenardite salt are a prevalent mineral in each sample. However, traces of carbonates, silicates, and nitrates are also present. According to the analysis results, sulfates seem responsible for the most significant deterioration, as they are present in all samples. It is essential to cover walls with impermeable material to prevent water infiltration. Additionally, during construction, the material should contain minimal amounts of sulfates in its composition.

• Hovedforfatter: González Salazar, Jenny Joselyn (author)
• Format: bachelorThesis
• Sprog: eng
• Udgivet: 2023
• Fag: Sales; Cristalización; Eflorescencia; Salts; Crystallization; Efflorescence
• Online adgang: http://repositorio.yachaytech.edu.ec/handle/123456789/638