Extracción de la pectina mediante hidrólisis ácida a partir de la cáscara de maracuyá amarilla (Passiflora edulis var. Flavicarpa) y limón tahití (Citrus aurantifolia tahití) para la elaboración de bioplástico de baja densidad
This research work aims to extract pectin by acid hydrolysis from the peel of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis var. Flavicarpa) and Tahiti lemon (Citrus aurantifolia tahiti) to produce low-density bioplastic. The raw materials were physicochemically characterized, where it was determined that...
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| Diğer Yazarlar: | |
| Materyal Türü: | bachelorThesis |
| Baskı/Yayın Bilgisi: |
2025
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| Online Erişim: | https://dspace.ueb.edu.ec/handle/123456789/8547 |
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Etiketle | Özet: | This research work aims to extract pectin by acid hydrolysis from the peel of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis var. Flavicarpa) and Tahiti lemon (Citrus aurantifolia tahiti) to produce low-density bioplastic. The raw materials were physicochemically characterized, where it was determined that the yellow passion fruit peel contains 12.70% moisture, 6.89% ash, pH of 4.5 and 21.43% cellulose and the Tahiti lemon peel contains 11.17% moisture, 5.38% ash, pH of 3.33 and 15.08% cellulose. The pectin was extracted by acid hydrolysis where to determine the best treatment a completely randomized experimental design (DCA) was applied with AxBxC factorial arrangement (2x2x3) with three repetitions giving as best results to treatments T4 and T10 with a yield of 22.99% and 1.48% corresponding to extraction with citric acid at a temperature of 80ºC and a pH of 2. To obtain the bioplastic, tests were carried out to determine the appropriate formulation with the AxB factorial design (2x3) with 3 repetitions, 2 variables of pectin concentration and 3 variables of plasticizer concentration were handled. The best low-density bioplastic was T5, which contained a concentration of lemon pectin (2 g), glycerol (1 ml), acetic acid (1 ml), and distilled water (23 ml). This formulation led to the following physicochemical and mechanical analysis results: humidity (26.02%), pH (3.25), and water adsorption (70.48%). Tensile testing of the bioplastic sheet based on ASTM D638 showed a tensile strength of 13.18 MPa, a modulus of elasticity of 6.78E+01 MPa, with 24.34% elasticity, and a maximum stress of 1.26 MPa. The bioplastic was also biodegradable within 30 days in soil (87.14%), water (72.15%), and the environment (92.17%). |
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