Determinación del rendimiento de prensado para la obtención de aceite de aguacate (Persea americana).

Avocado is a fruit of great importance due to its high nutritional value and widespread consumption in Latin America. The oil extracted from this fruit is particularly rich in bioactive compounds, which has generated growing interest in recent years for its industrial applications, especially in the food and cosmetic industries. This research aims to determine the yield and characterization of oil obtained from avocado (Persea americana) using the cold-pressing method, comparing the Hass and Fuerte varieties. Oil extraction was carried out using a mechanical screw press, following a protocol that included pulp dehydration at 80°C for 8 hours, extraction at 40°C, and centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 20 minutes. The physicochemical analysis was based on parameters such as viscosity, density, acid value, saponification value, refractive index, and iodine value. The cold-press extraction technique yielded 14.20% ± 1.20% for the Fuerte variety, compared to 9.10% ± 3.89% for the Hass variety. The physical analysis of the extracted oil showed a density of 0.913 g/mL and a viscosity of 57 mPa·s. In terms of chemical parameters, the Hass variety exhibited a higher content of free fatty acids (1.44%) compared to Fuerte (1.09%), indicating better oil quality in the Fuerte variety. However, both oils complied with established regulatory standards, including density values (0.913 g/mL for Hass and 0.92 g/mL for Fuerte). The values of refractive index, saponification, and iodine index met the established norms.

• Autor principal: Ortiz Naranjo, Luis Alexis (author)
• Formato: bachelorThesis
• Idioma: spa
• Publicado em: 2025
• Assuntos: Aguacate; Aceite de aguacate; Extracción por prensado en frio; Rendimiento
• Acesso em linha: http://dspace.unach.edu.ec/handle/51000/15831