Evaluación de la calidad organolèptica y físico -química de la leche bovina en el cantón Quilanga
The aims of the present investigation were to evaluate the organoleptic parameters (color, smell, taste and appearance) and physicochemical (protein, non-fatty solids, total solids, fat, freezing point, density, acidity titratable as lactic acid and pH) of raw bovine milk, establish the proportion o...
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| Format: | bachelorThesis |
| Language: | spa |
| Published: |
2019
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/22527 |
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Add Tag | Summary: | The aims of the present investigation were to evaluate the organoleptic parameters (color, smell, taste and appearance) and physicochemical (protein, non-fatty solids, total solids, fat, freezing point, density, acidity titratable as lactic acid and pH) of raw bovine milk, establish the proportion of farms that comply with the INEN 2012 standard and determine the factors that influence these characteristics (good milking practices, origin, altitude, farm size, type of pastures and type of breeds) in the canton Quilanga. A convenience sampling was carried out in 100 farms from Quilanga, San Antonio de las Aradas, and Fundochamba parishes. A total of 100 milk samples (one per farm) were collected, as suggested by AGROCALIDAD (2017). The measurements took place at National University of Loja. To determine factors that affect the measured parameters, Fisher's test was used, in the case of categorical variables; while for the analysis of quantitative variables were used logistic regression models, considering p values less than or equal to 0.05. According to the results obtained, no organoleptic characteristics were normal according regulations. Regarding the physical-chemical characteristics, 10% of the farms met all the regulated parameters. The average values of the canton were adjusted to what was required, except non-fatty solids whose average was below the established ranges. None of the farms apply good milking practices. The taste and appearance of raw milk were associated with pasture type; fat content with provenance; non-fatty solids, farm size and total solids were associated with the site's altitude and the parish of origin (p <0.05). It was concluded that of the 100 cattle farms analyzed, 10 cattle farms met all the physicochemical characteristics and 90 met at least one characteristic that is within the regulations. Keywords: Physical-chemical parameters, organoleptic parameters, raw milk |
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