Influencia de sombra, sobre el rendimiento productivo en cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) clon EETP 801, Estación Experimental el Padmi, provincia de Zamora Chinchipe

The Amazonian climate in Ecuador is one of the best for cultivating cocoa (Theobroma cacao L), with 20% of the total plant area under shade and 80% without shade, which is the primary form of cultivation in various agroforestry systems SAF, plus the gradual increase in demand in recent years. Due to poor farmer knowledge and studies on the impact of shade, low yields have been recorded in recent years. This study evaluated the effect of shade on the yield of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) clone EETP 801, in the experimental station El Padmi, province of Zamora Chinchipe, where a completely randomized design (CRD) was established, with 3 treatments corresponding to the three levels of shade T1: 0%, T2: 35%, T3: 80% with 6 replications each, the experimental unit consisted of a tree giving an overall of 18 experimental units. Among the vegetative and yield variables were: crown diameter, trunk cross-sectional area (ASTT), stomatal density, leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll, stem length, number of seeds per fruit, production, yield, moisture, ash, fat and protein. The effect of the treatments on the dependent variables was evaluated by ANOVA and Tukey test of means (p > 0.05) where the stomatal density T3 80% showed significant differences with a number of stomata 873 stomata per mm2 higher than the other treatments T1 and T2, with the rest of the variables studied no significant differences were found, showing the adaptation to the climatic conditions in Padmi in Zamora Chinchipe. Lastly, correlation tests (Pearson Correlation Index 95%) were performed which considered: crown diameter with stomatal density where a positive Pearson correlation 0.69 with significant difference 0.041, yield with protein where it was found a Pearson correlation 0.76 with significant difference 0.029 and crown diameter with humidity where a negative Pearson correlation was found -0.84 with highly significant differences 0.0093. 029 and cup diameter with humidity where it was found a negative Pearson correlation -0.84 with highly significant differences 0.0093 where the increase in humidity becomes the conditioning climatological variable in growth and yield with the possible presence of fungi of the genus Phytophthora in the cocoa crop Clone EETP 801. Key words: Theobroma cacao L, shade levels, production, yield.

• Autor principal: Sánchez Rojas, John Lenin (author)
• Formato: bachelorThesis
• Idioma: spa
• Publicado em: 2022
• Assuntos: CACAO; THEOBROMA CACAO; PRODUCCION BILOGICA
• Acesso em linha: https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/25916