Importancia del mejoramiento genético en el cultivo de cacao (Theobroma cacao)

The cultivation of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) has great socioeconomic importance worldwide, since it is one of the main export products, either as raw material or processed. The purpose of this research is to characterize the importance of genetic improvement in cocoa cultivation. A methodology was also proposed in an investigative manner from websites, books and magazines, with the results obtained being that genetic improvement techniques in cocoa, such as clonal selection and the use of molecular markers are essential to develop varieties improved in productivity, quality and resistance. Asexual propagation ensures the conservation of favorable genetic traits, although it is subject to environmental influences that can affect the quality and survival of the plants. Sexual propagation is the most common and simplest strategy to reproduce cocoa, and can be done by directly sowing the seeds in the field or by sowing in a temporary nursery using plastic bags. Detailed understanding of these techniques allows cocoa production to be optimized and adapted to specific crop conditions. Sexual and asexual reproduction are common methods for propagating cocoa, with direct sowing in the field and the use of seedbeds as the main options. This concludes that genetic improvement techniques are very useful since this has greatly helped farmers increase production and be more resistant to diseases and pests, opening the way to new opportunities in the market.

• Egile nagusia: Alarcón Suarez, Maoli Vanessa (author)
• Formatua: bachelorThesis
• Argitaratua: 2024
• Gaiak: Cultivo; Cacao; Técnica; Enfermedad
• Sarrera elektronikoa: http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/16057