Hidr?geno a partir de hidroelectricidad en Ecuador: uso e impactos en el sector transporte
- Authors
- Posso Rivera, Fausto Ren?
- Format
- Article
- Status
- publishedVersion
- Description
Solar - Hydrogen Energy Systems (SHES) are systems whose primary energy source is solar energy, directly or indirectly, and the secondary is hydrogen. Those systems are currently considered as the best option to complement and replace mid - term the energy sys tems based on fossil fuels. The main objective of the work presented herein is the identification and analysis of the factors involved in the development of SHES in Latin America. The study is a documentary research based on an extensive review of literatu re. Latin American countries possess an enormous potential of exploitable renewable energy; among them hydropower and biomass are often seen as the most suitable contributors to the energy mix, however SHES might evolve with time to an economic attractive alternative. Studies indicate that rural electrification and urban transport are niche opportunities that will enhance the development of SHES. The barriers hindering in Latin America the development and application of hydrogen energy are discussed: among them Latin American countries invest little in hydrogen energy research, and the few research is concentrated in a limited number of countries; the availability of poor trained and skilled human talent to further develop, adopt and operate this technology, with the consequence of an overall weak formative offer; a non competitive cost structure with respect to the fossil fuel based energy systems; and the lack of an institutional framework that encourages the development of this system. It is concluded that only the concerted action of research centers, universities and the private sector, guided by the government, will make it possible that this unique chemical element via sustainable applications shall contribute to the human development in Latin America.
El S istema E nerg?tico Solar - Hidr?geno (SESH) constituye un sistema energ?tico cuya fuente primaria es la energ?a solar, directa o indirecta, y la secundaria el hidr?geno . A ctualmente , se considera como la mejor opci?n para complementar en el mediano y sustituir en el largo plazo, al actual sistema energ?tico basado en fuentes f?siles. E n este contexto s e desenvuelve este trabajo, cuyo objetivo es identificar y analizar los factores intervinientes en el desarrollo del SESH en el ?mbito latinoamericano, mediante una investigaci?n documental basada en una amplia revisi?n bibliogr?fica. Se o btiene que la mayor?a de pa?ses latinoamericanos dispone n de ingentes potenciales aprovechables de energ?as renovables que har?an posible y atractiva econ?micamente la implantaci?n del SESH; que la hidrogenar?a y biomasa son las fuentes m?s adecuadas como base para esta implantaci?n, tanto por su potencial como por su presencia en la matriz energ?tica y costos del SESH. Los estudios indican que la energizaci?n rural y el transporte urbano constituyen nichos de oportunidad para la penetraci?n del SESH. Tambi ?n se reportan barreras: acciones de investigaci?n escasas y concentradas en pocos pa?ses, un exiguo talento humano formado y capacitado para operar y desarrollar esta tecnolog?a, como resultado de una d?bil oferta formativa; y la carencia de un marco lega l e institucional que incentive el desarrollo de este sistema. Se concluye que s?lo con la acci?n concertada de centros de investigaci?n, universidades y la empresa privada, bajo la tutela del estado, se lograr? que este elemento qu?mico singular conduzca el desarrollo humano de la regi?n por caminos sustentables.
Universidad de Cuenca
http://www.ucuenca.edu.ec/ojs/index.php/maskana/article/viewFile/438/377
- Publication Year
- 2014
- Language
- spa
- Topic
- SISTEMAS ENERGETICOS
ENERGIA DEL HIDROGENO
ENERGIAS RENOVABLES
VECTORES ENERGETICOS
- Repository
- Repositorio SENESCYT
- Rights
- openAccess
- License
- openAccess